Artificial Intelligence

Research Papers

• Goldfarb, Avi. 2024. Pause artificial intelligence research? Understanding AI policy challenges. Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique. 57.2: 363-377.

• Agrawal, Ajay, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb. 2024. Artificial Intelligence Adoption and System Change. Journal of Economics and Management Strategy 33, 327-337.

• Agrawal, Ajay, Joshua S. Gans, and Avi Goldfarb. 2024. Prediction machines, insurance, and protection: An alternative perspective on AI’s role in production." Journal of the Japanese and International Economies. 101307

• Agrawal, Ajay, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb. 2024. The Turing Transformation: Artificial Intelligence, Intelligence Augmentation, and Skill Premiums. Harvard Data Science Review Forthcoming.

• Agrawal, Ajay., Joshua S. Gans, Avi Goldfarb. 2023. Do we want less automation? Science. 381: 155 - 158.

• Ding, MengQi (Annie) and Avi Goldfarb. 2023. The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: A Marketing Perspective. Artificial Intelligence in Marketing. 20(1): 13-76.

• Agrawal, Ajay K., Joshua S. Gans, Avi Goldfarb. 2023. Similarities and Differences in the Adoption of General Purpose Technologies. National Bureau of Economic Research. Working Paper Version.

• Agrawal, Ajay, Joshua S. Gans, Avi Goldfarb. 2023. Artificial Intelligence Adoption and System-Wide Change. Journal of Economics & Management Strategy.

• Goldfarb, Avi, Bledi Taska, and Florenta Teodoridis. 2023. Could Machine Learning Be a General Purpose Technology? Evidence from Online Job Postings. Research Policy 52(1): 104653.

• Agrawal, Ajay, Joshua Gans, Avi Goldfarb, and Catherine Tucker. 2022. Introduction to “The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Health Care Challenges.” National Bureau of Economic Research.

• Agrawal, Ajay K., Joshua S. Gans, Avi Goldfarb. 2022. Prediction Machines, Insurance, and Protection: An Alternative Perspective on AI’s Role in Production. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Version.

• Stern, Ariel Dora, Avi Goldfarb, Timo Minssen, W. Nicholson Price. 2022. AI Insurance: How Liability Insurance Can Drive the Responsible Adoption of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care. NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery, 3(4).

• Goldfarb, Avi, and Jon R. Lindsay. 2022. Prediction and Judgment: Why Artificial Intelligence Increases the Importance of Humans in War. International Security, 46(3): 7-50.

• Evans Cameron, Hilary, Avi Goldfarb, and Leah Morris. 2022. Artificial intelligence for a reduction of false denials in refugee claims. Journal of Refugee Studies, 35(1): 493-510.

• Goldfarb, Avi and Jon Lindsay. 2020. Artificial intelligence in war: Human judgment as an organizational strength and a strategic liability. Foreign Policy at Brookings.

• Agrawal, Ajay, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb. 2020. How to Win with Machine Learning. Harvard Business Review September-October.

• Hagen, L., Uetake, K., Yang, N., Bollinger B, Chaney A, Etkin J., Dzyabura D, Goldfarb A, Liu L, Sudhir K, Wang Y, Wright J, Zhu Y. How can machine learning aid behavioral marketing research?. Marketing Letters 31, 361–370 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11002-020-09535-7.

• Agrawal, Ajay, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb. 2019. An Economic Perspective on Artificial Intelligence. NATO Defense College: 7-15.

• Agrawal, Ajay, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb. 2019. Exploring the Impact of Artificial Intelligence: Prediction versus Judgement. Information Economics and Policy, 47: 1-6.

• Agrawal, Ajay, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb. 2019. Artificial Intelligence: The Ambiguous Labor Market Impact of Automating Prediction. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 33(2): 31-50.

• Jamieson, Trevor and Avi Goldfarb. 2019. Clinical Considerations When Applying Machine Learning to Decision-Support Tasks vs. Automation. BMJ Quality and Safety, DOI: 10.1136/bmjqs-2019-009514.

• Jay, Shaw, Frank Rudzicz, Trevor Jamieson, and Avi Goldfarb. 2019. Artificial Intelligence and the Implementation Challenge. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 21 (7): e13659 DOI: 10.2196/13659

• Agrawal, Ajay, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb. 2019. Prediction, Judgement, and Complexity: A Theory of Decision-Making and Artificial Intelligence. In the Economics of Artificial Intelligence: An Agenda. Eds, Agrawal, Gans, and Goldfarb. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Il.

• Goldfarb, Avi and Dan Trefler. 2019. AI and International Trade. In the Economics of Artificial Intelligence: AN Agenda. Eds, Agrawal, Gans, and Goldfarb. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Il.

• Agrawal, Ajay, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb. 2018. "Human Judgment and AI Pricing," AEA Papers and Proceedings, 108: 58-63.

• Agrawal, Ajay, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb. 2018. "Economic Policy for Artificial Intelligence," in Innovation Policy and the Economy Volume 19, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern editors.

• Agrawal, Ajay, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb. 2017. What to Expect from Artificial Intelligence. Sloan Management Review, 58 (3): 23-26.  

Articles

• How large language models reflect human judgement, Harvard Business Review.

• The Turing Transformation: Artificial intelligence, intelligence augmentation, and skill premiums, Brookings.

• The Business Case for Quantum Computing, MIT Sloan Management Review.

• AI Will Have a Revolutionary Effect on Executive Decision-Making, Brink News.

• A broader approach to AI would cut bias in immigration decisions while adding speed, Policy Opinions.

• Opinion: ChatGPT, AI can boost the economy by removing language barriers from immigrants seeking employment, The Globe and Mail.

• ChatGPT and How AI Disrupts Industries, Harvard Business Review.

• From Prediction to Transformation, Harvard Business Review.

• Surprise emergence of a ‘unicorn’ startup in Newfoundland provides a clue about AI’s near future in business, Toronto Star.

• Artificial Intelligence and the Human Context of War, The National Interest.

• Why is AI Adoption in Health Care Lagging?, Brookings.

• Quantum computing is coming. What can it do?, Harvard Business Review.

• Adding Value with AI: A True Story, Rotman Management Magazine

• How to Win with Machine Learning, Harvard Business Review.

• Artificial Intelligence in the Boardroom, The Corporate Board..

• Is Your Company's Data Actually Valuable in the AI Era?, Harvard Business Review.

• The Simple Economics of Machine Intelligence, Harvard Business Review.

• How AI will Change Strategy: A Thought Experiment, Harvard Business Review.

• The Trade-Off Every AI Company will Face, Harvard Business Review.

• How AI will Change the Way We Make Decisions, Harvard Business Review.

• What to Expect from Artificial Intelligence, Sloan Management Review.

• The US AI Policy Roadmap, Harvard Business Review.

• Rise of AI Will Raise Importance of Good Human Judgement, Irish Tech News.

Mentions

• Lampert Institute Hosts Lecture on ‘Disruptive Economics’ of AI, The Colgate Maroon-News.

• AI Maybe Be Slow in Delivering But Will ‘Bring Fundamental Change’, Forbes.

• Twitter Suspensions Draw International Outrage, The New York Times.

• AI - Seen through an economics lens , Data Quest.

• Why applied artificial intelligence needs a major mind-shift, TechTalks.

• Hitting the Books: AI is already reshaping air travel, will airports themselves be next?, Engadget.

• The Value of Artificial Intelligence Isn’t Just Insights, Forbes.

• Economist’s View of Artificial Intelligence: Beyond Cheaper Prediction Power, Forbes.

• UofT event explores the ‘myths of technology and the realities of war’, UofT News.

• New Study Reveals How AI AI - Seen through an Will Change Future Workplaces, SearchHRSoftware.

• How Does AI Factor into Growing Canada’s Economy?, The Hill Times.

• AI Adoption is Lagging in Radiology and the Rest of Healthcare. Brookings Experts Answer Why, Radiology Business.

• New research shows the robots are coming for jobs—but stealthily, The Economist.

• La economía y geopolítica, patas arriba por la inteligencia artificial, La Vanguardia.

• We May Be Exactly Wrong About Technology and Inequality, Bloomberg.

• Five Steps To Serenity, Army ALT Magazine, Science and Technology.

• Ryerson and UofT Professors are researching how AI could change Refugee Law, The Eye Opener.

Reviews

• Bresnahan, Timothy. (2023). Ajay Agrawal, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb: Power and Prediction: The Disruptive Economics of Artificial Intelligence. Harvard Business Review Press, 2022. Business Economics. 59. 10.1057/s11369-023-00337-z.

• Ten Best Business Books of 2022, Forbes.

• 10 must-read tech books for 2023, The Enterprisers Project.

• Book review: ‘Power and Prediction‘, E&T.

• The five best books to understand AI, The Economist.

• 7 Books to Read Right Now If You Want To Become An AI Expert, Business Insider (January 22, 2020)

• My favourite three business books of the year, CtrlShift (January 15, 2019)

• Cutting through AI hype, Data Driven Investor (January 8, 2019)

• ‘Prediction Machines’ and Your Campus AI Discussion, Inside Higher ED (December 5, 2018)

• Here’s what to read over the holidays, Insights by Stanford Business (December 4, 2018)

• Prediction Machines, AIMed (October 28, 2018)

• AI Bootcamp: 10 books to get up to speed, The Enterprisers Project (August 27, 2018)

• When Prediction Gets Cheap, Strategy+Business (August 8, 2018)

• Three Books Consider What Happens When the Robots Take Over, New York Times (July 9, 2018)

• Book Review: 'Prediction Machines: The Simple Economics of Artificial Intelligence' by Ajay Agrawal, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb, San Francisco Review of Books (June 30, 2018)

• Six Books Worth Reading This Summer, Bloomberg (June 21, 2018)

• Understanding Algorithms, The Undercover Economist (April 30, 2018)

• Business Books to Watch in April, 800CEORead (April 10, 2018)

• Prediction Machines The Simple Economics of Artificial Intelligence, Reviewed, Irish Tech News (March 23, 2018)

Podcasts

• The Economic Impact of AI. Invest Like the Best with Patrick O’Shaughnessy.
  Apple Podcast. Spotify.

• How AI is making prediction cheaper. Harvard Business Review Ideacast.